Leiden is a city full of history, science and hidden stories. From world-famous museums to centuries-old spots in the middle of the city: something special lurks behind every street and canal. Whether you are visiting Leiden for the first time or have been here before, these eight sights provide the perfect basis for exploring the city.
“I am Marcel, born and raised in Leiden. As a city guide, I am happy to show you the city I consider the most beautiful in the Netherlands.
Read my best tips below!”
1. De Lakenhal - The story of Leiden's wealth
In the middle of the city stands De Lakenhal, an impressively beautiful museum in Leiden. Originally built in 1640 as an inspection hall for Leiden cloth, the city's main industry.
Here, textiles were checked for quality before being allowed to be traded. Today, you will find masterpieces by Rembrandt van Rijn and other Dutch masters. Leiden's illustrious past is covered in collection presentations such as The Siege and Relief of Leiden (1574) and Seven Centuries of Leiden Cloth.
The building itself is already a work of art: stately, symmetrical and a tangible reminder of Leiden's Golden Age. A place where commerce, art and history come together.
2. Hortus Botanicus - The oldest botanical garden in the Netherlands
Behind the Academy Building is the Hortus Botanicus, founded in 1590 and thus the oldest botanical garden in the Netherlands. Here, plants from all over the world were collected for scientific research. Europe's first tulips bloomed here. Impressive is the Japanese garden and the Gingko Biloba, which won the tree election of the Netherlands in 2024 under the direction of Ton Cornelisse.
Today you walk past tropical greenhouses, ancient trees and rare plants. A green oasis in the middle of the city, where science meets tranquillity.
3. Leiden castle - The heart of the city
Right in the city centre, on an artificial hill, is Leiden's original Burcht. This medieval fortress dates from the 11th century and offered protection in turbulent times. From the ring wall you have a great view over the city and its canals. Leiden's Burcht is free to visit and is open daily from 08h00 - 22h00.
This is literally the oldest part of Leiden and still a place where history is palpable.
4. The Plantsoen - Tranquillity along the canal
Just outside the bustle of the city centre is The Plantsoen: a much-loved city park along the canal. Constructed in the 19th century on old fortifications to shine as an entrance to the city, this is the place for a stroll, picnic or quiet break.
With winding paths, old beautiful trees and water all around, this feels like a green escape within the city.
5. The Pieterskerk - Imposing and historic
The Pieterskerk is one of the most impressive buildings in Leiden. The church has a rich history and is linked to the Pilgrim Fathers, who stayed here before leaving for America.
In 1121, a chapel for the counts of Holland was dedicated to Saints Peter and Paul. In its present form, the Pieterskerk came into being for about 180 years from 1390.
Inside, you will find monumental tombs and a serene, almost timeless atmosphere. A place where history, faith and international stories come together.
6. The Rapenburg - The most beautiful canal in the Netherlands
The Rapenburg is often considered the most beautiful canal in Leiden, if not in the Netherlands!
Along the waterfront are stately golden-century buildings, former professors' houses, university buildings and cosy cafes. Here you can feel the splendour of the 17th century and the city's intellectual history.
A walk along the Rapenburg is like a journey through time, with a new story at every corner. A must see & walk.
7. Naturalis - World of nature and science
Naturalis is the national research centre for biodiversity and one of the most modern museums in the Netherlands.
From dinosaurs to human evolution: here you will discover the history of life on Earth. Among other things, it is the site of the T-rex and Freek Vonk.
Impressive, interactive and perfect for young and old alike. An absolute must-see for anyone visiting Leiden.
8. The Zijlpoort - Leiden's last city gate
The Zijlpoort is Leiden's only remaining city gate and dates back to 1667.
This gate once marked the entrance to the city by water and played an important role in the defence of Leiden.
Today it still stands proudly as a reminder of the city's walled past, and cosy is the adjacent brasserie the Gate.
Really discover Leiden? Join a guide
Leiden's sights are impressive, but the stories behind them make the city really special.
On a city tour, you will discover not only the highlights, but also the hidden stories you would otherwise miss.
Leiden is not a city you just look at. It is a city you have to understand.
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